Hot queso dip made with real shredded cheddar and pepper jack, stabilized with a butter-flour roux and seasoned with cumin, chili powder, cayenne, and green chiles.
Melt the butter in a medium saucepan over medium heat. Add the minced garlic and cook for 60 seconds, stirring constantly, until fragrant but not browned.
Add the flour and stir constantly for 90 seconds, until the raw flour smell cooks off and the mixture looks smooth and paste-like.
Slowly pour in the milk while whisking constantly. Continue whisking until the sauce thickens and bubbles gently around the edges, about 3 to 4 minutes.
Stir in the cumin, chili powder, cayenne, and drained green chiles if using. Cook for 30 seconds.
Reduce the heat to low. Add the shredded cheese in 2 to 3 batches, stirring each addition until fully melted before adding more.
Season with salt and pepper to taste. Serve immediately with tortilla chips.
Notes
Shred the cheese from a block for the smoothest queso. Reduce the heat to low before adding the cheese so the sauce does not separate. Add the cheese in batches and let each batch melt before adding more. Reheat leftovers gently over low heat with a splash of milk.